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Orthopedics and Beyond:

Highlights from the H. Winnett Orr Collection

Female Historical Perspectives on Life and Medicine

Dr. Orr's collection contains books emphasizing the contributions of women to the history of medicine. His friend and medical school classmate, Mary McKibbin-Harper, MD, inspired this collecting area. Dr. McKibbin-Harper, an avid book collector herself, was interested in the feminist movement in the United States. Some titles in Dr. Orr’s collection were purchased by him with her in mind and some titles were donated by Dr. McKibbin-Harper during Dr. Orr’s lifetime.

The story of my childhood

Clara Barton (1821-1912)
Orr No. 1759
1924

Clara Barton worked as a nurse for the Union forces during the American Civil War, often near the front lines. After the war, she assisted families in locating soldiers missing or killed in action. While traveling in Europe in 1869, Barton learned about the International Red Cross. Inspired by the volunteer organization that provided neutral aid during crises, she lobbied the United States government to organize the American branch of the Red Cross. She served as the president of the organization in 1881, and her influence galvanized the organization to assist with not just wars but natural disasters as well.

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Life and letters of Mary Putnam Jacobi

Mary Putnam Jacobi (1842-1906)
Orr No. 1859
1925

Mary Putnam Jacobi, MD, an American physician, was the first woman to study medicine at the University of Paris and the first woman to graduate from a pharmacy college in the United States (New York College of Pharmacy). Married to prominent New York physician and pioneer in pediatrics Abraham Jacobi, MD, Dr. Putnam Jacobi promoted having women teaching in higher education, especially medical education. Dr. Putnam Jacobi was acquainted with the pioneer of women physicians in the United States, Elizabeth Blackwell, MD. However, the two women were very different. Dr. Blackwell was more concerned with the lofty goals of women in medicine for moral reasons, while Dr. Putnam Jacobi believed women had the intellect and drive to practice clinical medicine. They also, as two different generations, viewed medical advancements such as bacteriology differently, with Dr. Putnam Jacobi supporting germ theory.

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Female biography;

or, memoirs of illustrious and celebrated women, of all ages and countries

Mary Hays (1759-1843)
Orr No. 2013
1807

Mary Hays was a British feminist writer in the late-18th and early-19th centuries. Female biography chronicles the lives of 294 women from the ancient world to Hays’ contemporaries. Hays' feminist writing was controversial in her time. She was friends with radical thinker Mary Wollstonecraft, who wrote A vindication of the rights of woman, and her husband William Godwin. Hays took Wollstonecraft’s call for women’s rights to heart. As an unmarried woman, she moved out of her parent's home to her own. She also wrote poetry and novels that expressed her views on the second-class status of women in society, work that mainstream society viewed as too radical.

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Pioneer work in opening the medical profession to women

Elizabeth Blackwell (1821-1910)
Orr No. 2040
1895

Elizabeth Blackwell, MD, came from a family of reformers, abolitionists, and feminists. In keeping with her family’s activism, in 1849, Blackwell was the first woman to receive a medical degree in the United States. She founded the New York Infirmary for Women and Children with her sister Emily Blackwell, who also earned a medical degree. Dr. Blackwell dedicated time to lecturing on the importance of education for women. She believed women should pursue a role in the medical profession because of their unique female qualities that male physicians did not possess. Inclusion in the medical profession allowed women greater influence in the women’s sphere of home and family. Dr. Blackwell and Mary Putnam Jacobi, MD, were contemporaries. Dr. Putnam Jacobi believed that women physicians should be physicians first and women second and that they should not confine themselves to treating women and children.

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